Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Nov 2008
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008geoji.175..560n&link_type=abstract
Geophysical Journal International, Volume 175, Issue 4, pp. 560-570.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Spatial Analysis, Seismicity And Tectonics, Seismic Tomography, Subduction Zone Processes, Crustal Structure
Scientific paper
The unmodelled effects of lateral heterogeneity are a primary cause of earthquake mislocation using routine methods. Approaches that account for the traveltime effects of lateral heterogeneity are a common feature of specialized studies, but some earthquake location methods have been developed that are also suitable for routine location. Here we investigate the use of one such method (3-D empirical traveltimes, ETTs) for local and regional earthquake location in an area of pronounced lateral velocity heterogeneity. We focus on New Zealand and the surrounding region due to the presence of strongly heterogeneous subduction zone environments. The New Zealand example poses significant challenges since most of the seismicity occurs outside the national seismograph network, and many of the observed ray paths traverse the high-velocity subducting slab. We show that in this environment, >60 per cent of the P and S residuals observed when a 1-D model velocity model is used stem from the resolvable lateral heterogeneity signal. For stations that have been in operation for more than five years, 85 per cent of observed residuals can be ascribed to this resolvable signal. We produce consistent 3-D traveltime corrections for all of New Zealand and the surrounding region and demonstrate their application to clusters of earthquakes occurring off the east coast of the North Island.
Clarke David
Nicholson T.
Townend John
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