Refining the astronomical unit: Queenstown and the 1874 transit of Venus

Details Refining the astronomical unit: Queenstown and the 1874 transit of Venus Refining the astronomical unit: Queenstown and the 1874 transit of Venus

Jun 2000

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2000jahh....3...23o&link_type=abstract

Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage (ISSN 1440-2807), Vol. 3, No. 1, p. 23-44 (2000).

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

1874 Transit Of Venus, Solar Parallax, Astronomical Unit, Queenstown, S. Newcomb, W. Harkness, C.H.F. Peters

Scientific paper

The 1874 transit of Venus was regarded as a major event which promised to produce an improved value for the solar parallax and hence the astronomical unit. As a result, the United States dispatched eight different observing parties to far northern and southern hemisphere locations. This paper documents the activities at the Queenstown transit station in the South Island of New Zealand and examines the scientific outcome of the overall American 1874 and 1882 transit programmes. It also mentions other New Zealand-based observations of the 1874 transit, and traces the early development of astronomical photography in New Zealand at a time when this innovative methodology was emerging internationally as a valid tool of the "new astronomy", astrophysics.

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