Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Nov 1981
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1981apj...250..341k&link_type=abstract
Astrophysical Journal, Part 1, vol. 250, Nov. 1, 1981, p. 341-348.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
741
Atmospheric Attenuation, Interstellar Matter, Microwave Spectra, Millimeter Waves, Radio Sources (Astronomy), Spectral Line Width, Antenna Couplers, Astronomical Photometry, Atmospheric Temperature, Brightness Distribution, Calibrating, Diffraction Patterns
Scientific paper
The methods currently used to calibrate millimeter-wavelength photometric data are examined and recommendations on procedures to be followed are made. Since confusing references to the quantity source antenna temperature have appeared in the literature, a series of formal definitions of quantities related to intensity measurements is introduced. A new quality is introduced which is the source antenna temperature corrected for atmospheric, ohmic, and all spillover losses. Physically, this quantity corresponds to the source brightness distribution convolved with the diffraction and error beam patterns of the telescope. The relative merits of the so-called 'direct' and the 'chopper-wheel' methods of correcting for atmospheric absorption are examined and the chopper-wheel technique is found to be generally preferable.
Kutner Marc L.
Ulich Bobby L.
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