Radio imaging of launch vehicles and payloads

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Image Processing, Launch Vehicles, Radio Astronomy, Rocket-Borne Instruments, Image Reconstruction, Radio Antennas, Spatial Filtering, Target Recognition

Scientific paper

The detection and tracing of rockets and payloads by microwave or millimeter-wave passive radio temperature measurements is analytically studied using radio astronomical techniques. Radio image reconstruction is performed by spatial filtering of multiple, simultaneous, equally-spaced radio brightness measurements. Both Wiener filtering for complex images and matched filtering for separated, point targets are considered. Output SNR is found to improve as receiver integration time increases, but blurring due to image motion places a limit on receiver integration time with fixed spatial filters. Little difference is found between an antenna with tapered illumination and low sidelobes and a maximum gain antenna with high sidelobes for interpolation. Several numerical examples are presented in order to give a preliminary indication of the magnitudes of system parameters.

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