Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Nov 2006
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006ihy..worke..77d&link_type=abstract
2nd UN/NASA Workshop on International Heliophysical Year and Basic Space Science. Proceedings of the conference held 27 Novembe
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
Scientific paper
The Sun is the primary source of energy supplying the Earth. This energy absorbed by the various components of the atmosphere, the oceans, the vegetation and Earth’s surface, is at the origin of the forces that control the climatic changes, the general circulation of the atmosphere, the temperature of the atmosphere and that of the oceans and the ionization of atmospheric gases, etc. The solar energy received on Earth’s surface is also directly used in technological applications such as solar heaters, solar dryers and other solar distillers, and the photovoltaic generators, etc. The calculation of the thermal performances of these apparatuses can be well made only if the spectral and even angular distribution of the solar irradiation arriving on the ground surface is well known. Moreover, the well known characteristics of the solar radiation arriving on the ground could inform us about the atmospheric phenomena that influenced its transfer, and consequently provide a better correction of the sensors response while receiving a signal from outer space in its direction, or the correction to be made on the response of a sensor while receiving data from a terrestrial sender. Only a few measurement stations of solar radiation are currently running and are not well managed, particularly in developing countries where the maintenance of a park of pyranometers on the ground is difficult and expensive. Moreover, where these measurements exist, they are rarely carried out for various wavelengths and/or angles. Such data are on the other hand accessible by numerical calculation, by solving the radiative transfer equation (ETR) in the atmosphere. One of the major factors attenuating the solar radiation received on the ground is scattering by clouds. The non- homogeneous nature of the clouds justifies the difficulty shown by the researchers to insert realistic profiles of clouds in radiative transfer models in a parallel stratified atmosphere [1, 2]. Several recent studies showed that this non-homogeneity has significant impacts on the transmitted radiation, calculated either for the thick and continuous clouds [3] or for dispersed clouds [4, 5]. Such structures must be studied with a multidimensional radiative transfer model, as for example the one of Stephens [6] judiciously exploited recently by Evans [7], which breaks up the angular part of brightness into spherical harmonics while the space part is simply discretizised by finite differences. We intend here to make a comparison between results of this model and the experimental data collected in Yaounde [8-13]. This is in order to detect its forces, weaknesses and the possible improvements that could be done to guarantee a prediction free from any significant variation with reality. The first part is devoted to the description of the model. In the second part, we present the results of the model as well as the values resulting from experimental measurements. The last part discusses these results.
Dountio Guemene E.
Fouda Efa
Njomo D.
Simo A.
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