Radiative transfer in ultra-relativistic outflows

Details Radiative transfer in ultra-relativistic outflows Radiative transfer in ultra-relativistic outflows

2010-11-27

arxiv.org/abs/1011.6005v2

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

12 pages, 8 figures, accepted to ApJ

Scientific paper

Analytical and numerical solutions are obtained for the equation of radiative transfer in ultra-relativistic opaque jets. The solution describes the initial trapping of radiation, its adiabatic cooling, and the transition to transparency. Two opposite regimes are examined: (1) Matter-dominated outflow. Surprisingly, radiation develops enormous anisotropy in the fluid frame before decoupling from the fluid. The radiation is strongly polarized. (2) Radiation-dominated outflow. The transfer occurs as if radiation propagated in vacuum, preserving the angular distribution and the blackbody shape of the spectrum. The escaping radiation has a blackbody spectrum if (and only if) the outflow energy is dominated by radiation up to the photospheric radius.

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