Radar backscattering by densely packed particulate surfaces: first exact theoretical results

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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0619 Electromagnetic Theory, 0659 Random Media And Rough Surfaces, 0669 Scattering And Diffraction, 0689 Wave Propagation (2487, 3285, 4275, 4455, 6934), 5464 Remote Sensing

Scientific paper

Analyses of radar backscattering by densely packed particulate surfaces based on direct solutions of the Maxwell equations are virtually absent. This makes uncertain the correctness of conclusions derived on the basis of the conventional theories of radiative transfer and coherent backscattering applicable to sparsely distributed scatterers. To address this fundamental problem, we use the numerically exact superposition T-matrix method and perform extensive computations of electromagnetic scattering by a 3D volume filled with randomly distributed wavelength-sized particles. These computations are used to simulate and analyze the effect of randomness of particle positions as well as the onset and evolution of various multiple-scattering effects with increasing number of particles. Our exact results illustrate and substantiate the methodology underlying the microphysical theories of radiative transfer and coherent backscattering. Furthermore, we show that even in densely packed media, electromagnetic waves multiply scattered along strings of widely separated particles still provide a significant contribution to the total scattered signal and thereby make quite pronounced the classical radiative transfer and coherent backscattering effects. The model results are consistent with the values of the linear and circular polarization ratios observed for various ice-covered planetary surfaces.

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