Pyrheliometric and circumsolar sky radiation measurements by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory from 1923 to 1954

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Astronomical Observatories, Interplanetary Dust, Pyranometers, Pyroheliometers, Radiation Measurement, Sky Radiation, Aerosols, Data Acquisition, Data Recording, Optical Thickness, Volcanology

Scientific paper

Pyrheliometric and circumsolar sky radiation measurements from 1923 to 1954, using silver-disk and Angstrom pyrheliometers as well as pyranometers, are analyzed. Measurements at Mt. Montezuma, Chile, Table Mountain, California, Tyrone, New Mexico and Mt. St. Catherine, Egypt, are examined in detail; the results show dust veil indices of 100 for the Paluweh (Indonesia) eruption of 1928 and 35 for the Quizapu (Argentina) eruption of 1932. However, it is noted that between 1932 and 1950 there were no detectable volcanic eruptions in either hemisphere and that no evidence of 11- or 22-year cycles exists. Attention is also given to volcanic aerosol optical depths and solar variations.

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