Other
Scientific paper
May 1996
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1996e%26psl.140..243b&link_type=abstract
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol. 140, Issue 1-4, pp.243-257
Other
6
Cs-137, Pb-210, Plutonium, Russian Arctic, Fallout, Marine Sediments, Fluvial Environment, Sediments, Elsevier: Cs-137, Pb-210, Plutonium, Russian Arctic, Fallout, Marine Sediments, Fluvial Environment, Sediments
Scientific paper
The activity ratios of Pu and radiocesium isotopes have been used to delineate the major sources (such as global and close-in (debris) fallout, nuclear fuel reprocessing and fabrication plant effluents) in the environment. We have measured 238 Pu, 239,240 Pu, 137 Cs, and excess 210 Pb concentrations in 107 surficial sediments as well as in 5 sediment cores collected in the summer months of 1993 and 1994 from the Ob and Yenisey Rivers (Russia) and the Kara sea. A comparison of the sediment core inventories of 239,240 Pu and 137 Cs, along with the activity ratios, with those expected from global fallout allows us to estimate the relative amounts, if any, of reactor-derived 238 Pu and 239,240 Pu from the dumped reactor sites in the study area. In surficial sediment samples collected in 1993 and 1994, the 239,240 Pu concentrations varied between 4.2 and 856 mBq kg -1 , with a mean of 239 mBq kg -1 . In samples with a measurable 238 Pu, the activity ratios varied between 0.010 and 0.069, with an average value of 0.035 ± 0.014. This range can be compared to the average activity ratio of 0.030 for the year 1993 from nuclear weapons testing and SNAP fallout obtained from soil studies, indicating very little ( 5%) additional sources of 238 Pu to the sediments in the study area. The inventories of Pu in the 5 sediment cores from the study area varied between 2.67 ± 0.67 and 24.5 ± 2.2 Bq m -2 , with a mean value of 8.83 Bq m -2 . The 137 Cs concentrations in the upper 3 cm of the sediments varied between below detection limit to 71.4 Bq kg -1 , with a mean of 14.9 Bq kg -1 . The 137 Cs inventories in the 5 sediment cores varied between 156.7 ± 28.3 and 1600 ± 153.3 Bq m -2 , with a mean value of 583.3 Bq m -2 . The mean ratio of inventories of Pu to that of 137 Cs, 0.015, is comparable to the values in other places in the Arctic region. There is a significant correlation between total organic carbon and concentrations of 137 Cs, 239,240 Pu and 210 Pb, suggesting that organic matter-enriched fine particles are a likely carrier phase for these nuclides. The ratio of also suggests that most of these nuclides are derived from global fallout.
Adkinson Dan
Asbill Shaunna
Baskaran M.
Brooks James
Champ Michael
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