Propagation of VLF emissions in the magnetosphere and the ionosphere

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Atmospheric Attenuation, Earth Magnetosphere, Ionospheric Propagation, Ray Tracing, Satellite Observation, Whistlers, Atmospheric Models, Auroral Zones, Explorer 40 Satellite, Extremely Low Radio Frequencies, Ionospheric Disturbances, Lower Ionosphere, Radio Transmission, Signal Reflection, Very Low Frequencies

Scientific paper

Comparison of the low-altitude polar-orbiting Injun 5 Satellite data with the ground VLF data has revealed that there is a definite scarcity of VLF/ELF emissions at the ground level compared with the extent to which they are present at or above the auroral altitudes. Reasons for this have been investigated by performing ray path computations for whistler-mode VLF propagation in an inhomogeneous and anisotropic medium, such as the magnetosphere and the ionosphere. Based on wave-normal computations in the lower ionosphere, it has been found that many of the near-auroral zone VLF/ELF events are frequently either reflected from, or heavily attenuated in, the lower ionopshere. Besides collisional loss, severe attenuation of VLF signals in the lower ionosphere is also caused by the divergence of ray paths from the vertical. The one of wave-normal angles for the wave, within which VLF/ELF signals are permitted to reach the ground, has been established. Wave normals lying outside this transmission cone are reflected from the lower ionosphere and do not find exit to the earth-ionosphere cavity.

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