Propagation of cosmic rays and neutrinos through space

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Cosmic Rays, Elementary Particle Processes, Background Radiations

Scientific paper

We discuss the propagation of Extremely High Energy (EHE) cosmic ray protons and neutrinos. Their extremely high energies involve the interactions with the cosmological relic radiations of photons and neutrinos, which result in the modifications of the energy spectra of EHE particles after their propagation. The GZK cutoff for protons and the dip and steepening for neutrinos. Although the GZK cutoff has been recognized as one of the key features of extragalactic cosmic rays, it is also very important to recognize that the effects of the relic neutrino background to the EHE neutrino spectrum might provide the observational signatures of existence of the background neutrinos. Especially the massive neutrino case (mν~eV) would encourage the modification effects because the Z0 resonance effect appears at around 1021~1022 eV, only one or two orders of magnitude higher than the highest energies of cosmic rays we have detected. Even for the massless neutrino case, the Topological Defects model would lead to appearance of the sizable effects of the relic neutrinos. Measurements of these phenomena should be considered as a main target of physics in any future experiment to observe EHE particles from space.

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