Probing Theories of Cosmological Structure Formation on Arc-Minute Scales

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Cosmology, Background Radiation, Galactic Evolution, Galactic Structure, Anisotropy, Microwaves, X Rays, Galactic Clusters

Scientific paper

This thesis is organized into five chapters, with Chapter 1 providing an introduction and setting notation. Chapters 2 and 3 focus on contributions to the cosmic microwave background on arcminute scales, owing to secondary (i.e., non-primordial) effects. Chapter 2 provides rough scaling relations between the level of anisotropies and the cosmological parameters (Omega0, OmegaB, h, etc.) and shows that the dominant sources for fluctuations are probably the Ostriker-Vishniac and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects. Rayleigh scattering is unlikely to provide a detectable signal on these scales. Chapter 3 places the previous analysis on a firmer footing, using more precise analytical tools and the results of detailed hydrodynamical simulations to compute the signal induced by several models for structure formation. For example, in the CDM model with h = 0.5, the OVRO experiment should see ((Delta T)/T) 6 x 10-6 if bright clusters are avoided in the experimental scans. The Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect should not be a consideration unless reionization is almost nonexistent. The techniques developed in Chapter 3 are extended in Chapter 4 to compute fluctuations in the X-ray background due to clusters of galaxies, again as predicted from hydrodynamical simulations of cluster formation. For the models considered, the angular correlations of X-ray anisotropies all have roughly the same shape, suggesting that this approach is of limited usefulness. The final chapter (5) breaks from the study of cosmic backgrounds, and looks at the effects of triaxiality on the velocity dispersions of clusters. A formalism is presented for correcting theoretical predictions of dispersions so as to be directly comparable with observations. This adjustment is important if one seeks to use observed cluster abundances to constrain cosmological parameters.

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