Possible identification of a cluster of galaxies at redshift Z = 3.4

Details Possible identification of a cluster of galaxies at redshift Z = 3.4 Possible identification of a cluster of galaxies at redshift Z = 3.4

Apr 1994

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1994apj...425l...5g&link_type=abstract

Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters (ISSN 0004-637X), vol. 425, no. 1, p. L5-L8

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

35

Absorption Spectra, Cluster Analysis, Cosmology, Galactic Clusters, Galactic Evolution, Lyman Spectra, Red Shift, Universe, Astronomical Models, Baryons, Dark Matter, Missing Mass (Astrophysics), Optical Thickness, Poisson Density Functions, Ultraviolet Radiation

Scientific paper

We report the possible detection of a cluster of 16 radio-quiet galaxies at z = 3.4, identified in the field around the optically thick absorption system toward Q0000-263 at zabs = 3.390. Two of them, a Lyman alpha emitter at z = 3.428 and the galaxy responsible for the absorption system, have redshifts spectroscopically confirmed. The other 14 galaxies identified using a multicolor imaging technique designed to detect sources in the redshift interval 3 approximately less than z approximately less than 3.5 which are characterized by a Lyman discontinuity in an otherwise flat spectrum, have broad-band spectral energy distributions identical to the two galaxies with known redshift. They are spatially distributed in two apparent clumps, around the damped absorber and the Lyman alpha galaxy, respectively. A clustering analysis excludes with 98.8% confidence that this association is a realization of a Poissonian distribution and confirms that the observed clumps are real. The implications are that the 16 galaxies are members of a cluster at z approximately equals 3.4, by far the most distant ever detected. An estimate of the mass bounded in stars of this cluster is 3 x 1012 solar mass (q0 = 0 and H0 = 50 km/s/Mpc throughout this Letter), while the total mass (baryonic + dark) is 6 x 1014 solar mass. We also estimate that at z = 3.4 the correlation length is 2.2 Mpc, which, compared to the present value of 11 Mpc, suggests that the clustering evolution is still close to the linear regime.

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