Biology – Quantitative Biology – Neurons and Cognition
Scientific paper
2006-11-06
AIP Conference Proceedings -- February 8, 2007 -- Volume 887, pp. 13-20, "Cooperative Behavior in Neural Systems: Ninth Granad
Biology
Quantitative Biology
Neurons and Cognition
7 pages, 4 figures. Contribution to the 9th Granada Seminar in Computational and Statistical Physics. Computational and Mathem
Scientific paper
10.1063/1.2709581
It has been known for about a century that psychophysical response curves (perception of a given physical stimulus vs. stimulus intensity) have a large dynamic range: many decades of stimulus intensity can be appropriately discriminated before saturation. This is in stark contrast with the response curves of sensory neurons, whose dynamic range is small, usually covering only about one decade. We claim that this paradox can be solved by means of a collective phenomenon. By coupling excitable elements with small dynamic range, the {\em collective} response function shows a much larger dynamic range, due to the amplification mediated by excitable waves. Moreover, the dynamic range is optimal at the phase transition where self-sustained activity becomes stable, providing a clear example of a biologically relevant quantity being optimized at criticality. We present a pedagogical account of these ideas, which are illustrated with a simple mean field model.
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