Phantom stars and topology change

Details Phantom stars and topology change Phantom stars and topology change

2008-08-06

arxiv.org/abs/0808.0839v3

Phys.Rev.D78:104003,2008

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

19 pages, 13 figures. V2: Extended version of the paper accepted for publication in Physical Review D

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevD.78.104003

In this work, we consider time-dependent dark energy star models, with an evolving parameter $\omega$ crossing the phantom divide, $\omega=-1$. Once in the phantom regime, the null energy condition is violated, which physically implies that the negative radial pressure exceeds the energy density. Therefore, an enormous negative pressure in the center may, in principle, imply a topology change, consequently opening up a tunnel and converting the dark energy star into a wormhole. The criteria for this topology change are discussed, in particular, we consider the Morse Index analysis and a Casimir energy approach involving quasi-local energy difference calculations that may reflect or measure the occurrence of a topology change. We denote these exotic geometries consisting of dark energy stars (in the phantom regime) and phantom wormholes as phantom stars. The final product of this topological change, namely, phantom wormholes, have far-reaching physical and cosmological implications, as in addition to being used for interstellar shortcuts, an absurdly advanced civilization may manipulate these geometries to induce closed timelike curves, consequently violating causality.

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