Computer Science
Scientific paper
Aug 2006
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006iaujd...1e..10d&link_type=abstract
Cosmic Particle Acceleration, 26th meeting of the IAU, Joint Discussion 1, 16-17 August, 2006, Prague, Czech Republic, JD01, #10
Computer Science
Scientific paper
The problem of particle acceleration in relativistic shocks and shear flows is reviewed. We compare different acceleration mechanisms and show that the converter mechanism, suggested recently, is the least sensitive to the geometry of the magnetic field in accelerators and can routinely operate up to cosmic-ray energies close to the fundamental limit. The converter mechanism utilizes multiple conversions of charged particles into neutral ones (protons to neutrons and electrons/positrons to photons) and back by means of photon-induced reactions or inelastic nucleon-nucleon collisions. It works most efficiently in relativistic shocks and shear flows under the conditions typical for Active Galactic Nuclei, Gamma-Ray Bursts, and microquasars, where it outperforms the standard diffusive shock acceleration. The main advantages of the converter mechanism in such environments are that it greatly diminishes particle losses downstream and avoids the reduction in the energy gain factor, which normally takes place due to highly collimated distribution of accelerated particles. We also analyze the properties of gamma-ray radiation, which accompanies acceleration of particles via the converter mechanism and can provide an evidence for the latter. In particular, we point out the fact that the opening angle of the radiation beam-pattern is different at different photon energies, which is relevant to the observability of the cosmic-ray sources as well as to their timing properties. Various consequences for observations are discussed.
Aharonian Felix A.
Derishev Evgeny V.
Kocharovsky Vitaly V.
Kocharovsky Vl. V.
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