Biology
Scientific paper
Oct 2008
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008iaus..251..299s&link_type=abstract
Organic Matter in Space, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, IAU Symposium, Volume 251, p. 299-308
Biology
2
Stardust Mission, Comets, Organics, Dust, Isotopes, Astrochemistry, Astrobiology
Scientific paper
The Stardust Mission collected samples from Comet 81P/Wild 2 on 2 Jan 2004 and returned these samples to Earth on 15 Jan 2006. After recovery, a six month preliminary examination was done on a portion of the samples. Studies of the organics in the samples were made by the Organics Preliminary Examination Team (PET) - a worldwide group of over 55 scientists. This paper provides a brief overview of the findings of the Organics PET. Organics in the samples were studied using a multitude of analytical techniques including spatial determination of C and heteroatom elemental abundances (STXM), functional group identification (micro-FTIR/Raman, C,N,O-XANES), and specific molecular identification of certain classes of organics (HPLC-LIF, L2MS, TOF-SIMS). Analyses were also made of spacecraft components and environmental samples collected near the recovered returned capsule to assess contamination issues. The distribution of organics (abundance, functionality, and relative elemental abundances of C,N,O) is heterogeneous both within and between particles. They are an unequilibrated reservoir that experienced little parent body processing after incorporation into the comet. Some organics look like those seen in IDPs (and to a lesser extent, meteorites), while new aromatic-poor and highly labile organics, not seen in meteoritic materials, are also present. The organics are O,N-rich compared to meteoritic organics. Some of the organics have an interstellar heritage, as evidenced by D and 15N enrichments.
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