Orbit determination using synthetic aperture radar

Details Orbit determination using synthetic aperture radar Orbit determination using synthetic aperture radar

Aug 1986

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1986asdy.conf.1143t&link_type=abstract

IN: Astrodynamics 1985; Proceedings of the Conference, Vail, CO, August 12-15, 1985. Part 2 (A86-43201 20-12). San Diego, CA, Un

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

Orbit Calculation, Parameter Identification, Shuttle Imaging Radar, Synthetic Aperture Radar, Covariance, Radar Imagery, Seasat Satellites, Signal To Noise Ratios, Taylor Series

Scientific paper

The use of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images to estimate orbital parameters is studied. The SAR image formation process which requires the ability to repeatedly transmit identical signals and accurately sense the return echoes from a region of terrain is described. The orbit determination capabilities of the SAR system's observables are investigated. Five SAR observations were collected from a simulated shuttle orbit, which was circular with a latitude of 220 km and along-track velocity of 7.7 km/sec, to obtain along-track and line-of-sight direction position measurements; the simulation reveals that only three SAR observations were required to determine the position of the spacecraft to within 100 m. A prototype SAR orbit determination system was developed. The system consists of a VAX 11/780 time-shared computer, a frame buffer, topographic maps, and software for line-pixel location of an object within a SAR image and for orbit determination. The prototype is applied to the processing of a single short arc of Shuttle Imaging-Radar-B (SIR-B) data. It is observed that the SAR data is useful as orbit determination or tracking data; however, the low SNRs in the SIR-B data made feature identification difficult.

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