Optimizing Channel Access for Event-Driven Wireless Sensor Networks: Analysis and Enhancements

Details Optimizing Channel Access for Event-Driven Wireless Sensor Networks: Analysis and Enhancements Optimizing Channel Access for Event-Driven Wireless Sensor Networks: Analysis and Enhancements

2012-03-27

arxiv.org/abs/1203.5874v1

Computer Science

Networking and Internet Architecture

Scientific paper

We study the problem of medium access control in domain of event-driven wireless sensor networks (WSN). In this kind of WSN, sensor nodes send data to sink node only when an event occurs in the monitoring area. The nodes in this kind of WSN encounter correlated traffic as a subset of nodes start sending data by sensing a common event simultaneously. We wish to rethink of medium access control (MAC) for this type of traffic characteristics. For WSN, many existing MAC protocols utilize the basic CSMA strategies like 802.11 that uses Binary Exponential Backoff (BEB) algorithm to handle the collisions among packets when more than one node want to access the channel. We show that this BEB algorithm does not work well without incurring access delay or performance degradation due to increased number of collisions and retransmissions when nodes encounter correlated traffic. In this paper, we investigate on how to minimize the access delay and improve throughput by setting contention window (CW) size adaptively according to number of active nodes reporting a common event. We also propose a probability based scheme that decrements the CW to half value proportional to a probability say f when packet is successfully transmitted to update initial CW say W0 for use in future transmission. We show using numerical analysis that our proposals improve the channel access in terms of latency, throughput compared with IEEE 802.11 DCF. Simulations using NS-2 network simulator are conducted to validate the analytical results.

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