Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
1995-10-03
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
Accepted by ApJ Letters, 16 pages including 3 figures; uuencoded, gzipped postscript, also available via anon ftp at ftp://h
Scientific paper
10.1086/309817
The sub-parsec masing disk recently found to be orbiting a central mass of $\sim3.6\times10^7$~\msun\ in the Seyfert/LINER galaxy NGC~4258 provides the most compelling evidence to date for the existence of a massive black hole in the nucleus of a galaxy. The disk is oriented nearly edge-on %($\bf i=83$\deg) and the X-ray spectrum %(Makishima \etal\ 1994) is heavily absorbed. Therefore, in this galaxy, the optical emission-line spectrum generally exhibited by an active galactic nucleus is perhaps best sought using polarized light: probing for light scattered off material surrounding the central source. New polarimetry of NGC~4258 has uncovered a compact polarized nucleus whose spectrum consists of a faint blue continuum similar to those of unobscured quasars ($F_\nu\propto\nu^{-1.1}$), plus broadened (\twid1000\kms) emission lines. The lines are strongly linearly polarized ($5-10$\%) at a position angle (85\deg$\pm$2\deg) coincident with the plane of the maser disk. This result provides substantiating evidence for a weakly active central engine in NGC~4258 and for the existence of obscuring, orbiting tori which impart many of the perceived distinctions between various types of active galaxy.
Mathur Smita
McLeod Kim K.
Schmidt Gary D.
Smith Paul S.
Wilkes Belinda J.
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