Open-system degassing of sulfur from Krakatau 1883 magma

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Pyroclastics, Sulfur, Degassing, Krakatoa

Scientific paper

We present the first sulfur and oxygen isotopic data for tephra from the catastrophic 1883 eruption of Krakatau. Sulfur isotopic ratios in unaltered Krakatau tephra erupted August 26-27, 1883 are markedly enriched in 34 S relative to mantle sulfur. High 34 S values of +6.3 to +16.4 can best be explained by open-system or multi-stage degassing of SO 2 from the oxidized rhyodacitic and gray dacitic magmas with 34 S enrichment of SO 2- 4 remaining in the melt. Lower whole-rock 34 S values of +2.6 and +4.0 in two oxidized gray dacitic samples indicate more primitive subarc mantle sulfur in the 1883 magma chamber. Initial 34 S of the rhyodacitic magma was probably in the +1.5 to +4.0 range and similar to 34 S values measured in arc volcanic rocks from the Mariana Arc.

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