Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Jun 1999
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1999georl..26.1707o&link_type=abstract
Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 26, Issue 12, p. 1707-1710
Mathematics
Logic
85
Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Pressure, Density, And Temperature, Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Chemical Kinetic And Photochemical Properties, Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Pollution-Urban And Regional, Oceanography: Biological And Chemical: Aerosols
Scientific paper
Concurrent measurements of ultra-fine (r<5nm) particle (UFP) formation, OH and SO2 concentrations in the coastal environment are examined to further elucidate the processes leading to tidal-related homogeneous heteromolecular nucleation. During almost daily nucleation events, UFP concentration approached ~300,000 cm-3 under conditions of solar radiation and low tide. Simultaneous measurements of OH illustrate that, as well as occurring during low tide, these events occur during conditions of peak OH concentration, suggesting that at least one of the nucleating species is photochemically produced. Derived H2SO4 production also exhibited remarkable coherence, although phase-lagged, with UFP formation, thus suggesting its involvement, although binary nucleation of H2SO4 and H2O can be ruled out as a plausible mechanism. Ternary nucleation involving NH3 seems most likely as a trigger mechanism, however, at least a fourth condensable species, X, is required for growth to detectable sizes. Since UFP are only observed during low tide events, it is thought that species X, or it's parent, is emitted from the shore biota-without which, no nucleation is detected. Species X remains to be identified. Model simulations indicate that, in order to reproduce the observations, a nucleation rate of 107cm-3s-1, and a condensable vapor concentration of 5×107cm-3, are required.
Allan Beverley J.
Creasey David J.
Heard Dwayne E.
Hoell Claudia
Kulmala Markku
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