On the origin of speckle boiling and its effects in stellar speckle interferometry

Computer Science – Sound

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Atmospheric Optics, Atmospheric Turbulence, Interferometry, Speckle Patterns, Stellar Spectra, Adaptive Optics, Atmospheric Sounding, Environment Simulation, Michelson Interferometers

Scientific paper

An optimum exposure time is formulated for speckle interferometric observations of stellar objects. The exposure interval is constrained by the need to stop as soon as the speckle pattern of the object is captured, yet the aperture must remain open long enough to adequately view what are nominally faint sources. It is shown that the optimum exposure time is related to the time scale of speckle boiling or speckle lifetime. The speckle lifetime is demonstrated to be limited to the ratio of Fried's parameter (1966) to the standard deviation of the wind velocities distribution and the atmospheric turbulence of the earth atmosphere. Theoretical investigations of the effect of a finite exposure time, the space-time correlation of speckle patterns, the wavefront boiling time, and Michelson interferometry and adaptive optics are presented. The results of a laboratory simulation of astronomical speckle boiling are presented, and found to agree with previous works. The effects of atmospheric turbulence being concentrated in a single layer are discussed.

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