On deformations of free groups in compact Lie groups

Mathematics – Group Theory

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Scientific paper

For n>1, a generic n-tuple of elements in a connected compact non-abelian Lie group G generates a free group. G.A. Margulis and G.A. Soifer conjectured that every such tuple can be slightly deformed to one which generates a group which is not virtually free. In this note we prove this conjecture, and actually show that for n>3 and for an arbitrary dense subgroup D, with some restriction on the minimal size of a generating set, the set of deformations of F_n whose image is D is dense in the variety of all deformations. The proof relies on the product replacement method. Using the same ideas we also prove a conjecture of W.M. Goldman on the ergodicity of the action of Out(F_n) on Hom(F_n,G)/G when n>2. For n=2, using calculus, we produce for any pair (a,b) an arbitrarily close pair (a',b') which generates an infinite group which has Serre property (FA) and in particular is not virtually free.

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