Nonlinear Sciences – Pattern Formation and Solitons
Scientific paper
2003-07-04
Physica D, 190:1--14, 2004
Nonlinear Sciences
Pattern Formation and Solitons
Scientific paper
10.1016/j.physd.2003.11.004
The integrable 3rd-order Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation emerges uniquely at linear order in the asymptotic expansion for unidirectional shallow water waves. However, at quadratic order, this asymptotic expansion produces an entire {\it family} of shallow water wave equations that are asymptotically equivalent to each other, under a group of nonlinear, nonlocal, normal-form transformations introduced by Kodama in combination with the application of the Helmholtz-operator. These Kodama-Helmholtz transformations are used to present connections between shallow water waves, the integrable 5th-order Korteweg-de Vries equation, and a generalization of the Camassa-Holm (CH) equation that contains an additional integrable case. The dispersion relation of the full water wave problem and any equation in this family agree to 5th order. The travelling wave solutions of the CH equation are shown to agree to 5th order with the exact solution.
Dullin Holger R.
Gottwald Georg A.
Holm Darryl D.
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