OH masers in circumstellar envelopes

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Hydroxyl Emission, Infrared Stars, Interstellar Masers, Stellar Envelopes, Variable Stars, Diameters, Maser Outputs, Mira Variables

Scientific paper

Finely dispersed, small dust particles, which absorb the light of stars, cam make the discovery and observation of certain stars impossible. The employment of instruments utilizing radiation at infrared or radio wavelengths led finally to the detection of such stars. Infrared and radio astronomy represent also the only approaches to observe stars at the end of their development, when the occurrence of large mass loss causes the formation of circumstellar gas and dust envelopes. These envelopes absorb short-wave scattered light and reemit the absorbed energy in the infrared region. An intensive OH maser emission is often found in these envelopes. This maser emission at a wavelength of 18 cm indicates promising locations for a search concerning infrared stars. Attention is given to OH-maser emission in the case of 6 percent of Mira variables studied, details regarding the radiation and the characteristics of circumstellar envelopes, the diameters of the envelopes, processes leading to the formation of OH lasers, and surveys conducted at 2, 4, and 20 microns.

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