Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Oct 1998
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1998mnras.300..244b&link_type=abstract
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 300, Issue 1, pp. 244-250.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
10
Techniques: Radar Astronomy, Comets: Individual: 55P/Tempel-Tuttle, Meteors, Meteoroids
Scientific paper
The activity of the 1996 Leonid shower from two radars, global visual and single-station low-light-level TV (LLTV) observations is presented and summarized. Radar observations from Ondrejov in the Czech Republic indicate a peak rate of (>+1) Leonids near lambdasolar=235 deg2+/-0.1 (Equinox 2000). As observed by this radar, this peak interval was characterized by a significant increase in the number of bright Leonids as demonstrated by a noticeable lowering of the mass index near the peak. From radar observations in Ontario, Canada (using the CLOVAR system), a raw peak flux of 1.3+/-0.3x10^-2 meteoroid km^-2 h^-1 brighter than radio magnitude +7.7 was reached at lambdasolar=235 deg3+/-0.1, uncorrected for initial train radius effects. Single-station LLTV observations suggest a peak shower flux of 1.8+/-0.4x10^-2 meteoroid km^-2 h^-1 brighter than absolute magnitude +5+/-0.5 between 235 deg3 and 235 deg39. The position of the radiant on the night of maximum of the shower is found to be alpha=152 deg9+/-1 deg0 and delta=22 deg1+/-1 deg0 from CLOVAR observations and alpha=153 deg3+/-1 deg7 and delta=22 deg1+/-1 deg7 from LLTV observations. Visual observations of the shower yield a peak zenithal hourly rate (ZHR) of 86+/-22 at 235 deg17+/-0 deg07 or an equivalent flux of 1.2+/-0.4x10^-2 meteoroid km^-2 h^-1 brighter than absolute visual magnitude +6.5. The visual peak was short-lived (1.5 +/- 0.5 h HWHM) and richer in fainter meteors than neighbouring intervals. Discrepancies in the estimated absolute Leonid flux found using differing methods are noted and possible reasons for the differences discussed. The stream in 1996 showed two distinct meteoroid populations: a population of recently ejected meteoroids rich in smaller particles near 235 deg17 which is very narrow in nodal extent (HWHM 0 deg07+/-0 deg02), and an older component (of order 10 revolutions in age) peaking near 235 deg4 which is rich in larger stream meteoroids, of long duration (FWHM 1 deg2 +/-0 deg4), which contributed most to the total mass flux at Earth from the stream in 1996.
Arlt Rainer
Beech Martin
Brown Patrick
Hocking Wayne K.
Jones Jason J.
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