Observations of mesosphere summer echoes with calibrated VHF radars at latitudes between 54°N and 69°N in summer 2004

Details Observations of mesosphere summer echoes with calibrated VHF radars at latitudes between 54°N and 69°N in summer 2004 Observations of mesosphere summer echoes with calibrated VHF radars at latitudes between 54°N and 69°N in summer 2004

Aug 2005

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2005esasp.590..121l&link_type=abstract

In: 17th ESA Symposium on European Rocket and Balloon Programmes and Related Research, 30 May - 2 June 2005, Sandefjord, Norway.

Computer Science

2

Earth Mesosphere, Radar Observations, Pmse, Absolute Calibration

Scientific paper

Mesosphere Summer Echoes (MSE) have been observed with 50-MHz VHF radars at middle (MSE) and polar latitudes (PMSE) for more than 20 years. The occurrence and seasonal variation of these radar echoes as well as their dependence on solar and geomagnetic activity are mostly studied basing on relative signal strength measurements (signal-to-noise ratios). The latitudinal dependence of the appearance and intensity of mesospheric summer echoes is still an open question as the widely used relative signal strength observations are determined by the atmospheric properties as well as by the individual radar characteristics. The use of absolutely calibrated echo powers allows a system in-depended comparison of mesospheric summer echoes observed at different sites by different systems. We present two different radar calibration methods. One applies a noise source to calibrate the receive path of the radar only, a second uses the radar signal itself to calibrate the complete transmitting and receiving path of the radar system. Both techniques and the same calibration hardware have been applied to the ALWIN VHF radar at Andenes/Norway (69°N), the ESRAD radar at Kiruna/Sweden (68deg;N) and OSWIN radar at Kühlungsborn/Germany (54°N). The sensitivity of the different radar systems and the seasonal and diurnal variation of the occurrence of mesospheric summer echoes at different locations are discussed on the basis of radar backscatter cross-sections.

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