Observations of long-period motions of the Earth at the South Pole

Computer Science

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Diurnal Variations, Earth Rotation, Earth Tides, Gravimetry, Lunar Tides, Magnetic Poles, Estimates, Fourier Analysis, Maximum Entropy Method, Spectrum Analysis

Scientific paper

Vertical gravity data from 6.3 years of observations at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station are used to investigate the response of the Earth at periods much longer than the usual seismic or free-mode band of oscillations. At the Poles the vertical components of the short-period diurnal and semidiurnal tides shoul in theory vanish while the long-period tides attain their maximum amplitudes. The data are analyzed to determine the gravimetric factors and phase angles of the lunar long-period solid Earth tides. For the largest component, the fortnightly tide, a precise estimate of the gravimetric factor and a small but significant phase lead indicates the influence of a non-equilibrium fortnightly oceanic tide on the Earth tide at the South Pole. A maximum entropy method of spectral analysis on the longest ungapped 3 year record was made to determined the response of the Earth to the solar long-period tides. A spectral peak was observed with semiannual periodicity. Small diurnal and semidiurnal residual tides are observed which are believed to be caused by a non-axisymmetric distribution of the mass of the Earth, including the oceans.

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