Observations in the Wavelength Range 1 to 3 mm

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Scientific paper

Measurements at these wavelengths are likely to give more information than those carried out at longer wavelengths since appreciable changes in the brightness temperature are found, not only throughout a lunation, but also during eclipse. The lunation measurements give 0.36 ± 0.05 for the ratio of thermal to electromagnetic attenuation coefficients at 1.5 mm wavelength. During total eclipse a drop of 30% in the mean disk brightness temperature at this wavelength has been measured. The two results taken together are not consistent with models of the lunar surface which suppose a thin dust layer of lower thermal conductivity but otherwise the same physical properties as the underlying rock. Polarization and isothermal mapping measurements have been made with telescopes capable of resolving areas small compared with the total lunar disk. From these measurements an effective dielectric constant of about 2 has been deduced. These results together with measurements made at other wavelengths will be interpreted in terms of a rough model for the lunar surface. At present, in order to get more detailed information, there is a need for a greater wavelength and angular resolution. The use of etalons and large optical telescopes will be indicated.

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