Statistics – Computation
Scientific paper
Jul 1994
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1994metic..29r.441b&link_type=abstract
Meteoritics (ISSN 0026-1114), vol. 29, no. 4, p. 441
Statistics
Computation
Gravitational Effects, Meteoroid Concentration, Meteoroid Showers, Perseid Meteoroids, Stellar Mass Accretion, Computational Astrophysics, Computerized Simulation, Orbital Velocity, Particle Mass, Particle Motion, Poynting-Robertson Effect
Scientific paper
Recent results in the field of meteoroid dynamics in short-period comet streams have yielded a new model of the stream of Comet P/Swift-Tuttle (1992). The comet's particle shower, the Perseids, features a slow rise and fall in activity about a maximum. The reliability of the shower's strength, with normal rate of ZHR about 100, is an indicator that the overall stream density is high. A new maximum feature was first observed in 1988, preceding the normal maximum by several hours. In 1991, observers in East Asia reported a rate of ZHR greater than 500 on c. 1991 August 11.7 UTC in an anomalous event known as the East Asia Maximum. The unusually high rate of the early maximum continued into 1992. These data suggest a new orbital feature within the particle stream, which moves at or near the orbital velocity of the parent body. The density of this feature is concluded to increase with respect to time by the parallel rise in Perseid shower activity. The apparent relative motion of this particle mass indicates a gravitational relationship, which allows the component particles to remain near the mass without being dispersed into the local medium. To test this dual accretion-point model against gravitational theory, a computer simulation was devised and executed. The orbital elements of the comet and nine test particles were loaded into the program initially. The dates of perihelion of the particles were set in intervals of 0.1 days, five ahead of and four following the comet. The particle masses were assumed to be infinitesimally small. The gravitational influence of the nine planets was allowed to act upon this system; the Poynting-Robertson effect was not taken into account in this simulation, leading to a purely gravitational solution. A quantitative estimate of error in the simulation is unknown, but presumed low as gravity is the primary source of displacement. The program effectively solves the equations of motion and integrates the products over time. Two main areas of accretion were noted about 60 degs ahead of and behind P/Swift-Tuttle. During the simulation, individual particles were seen to move from one accretion 'lobe' past the comet into the other 'lobe' and back in spirals lasting over 5000 yr.
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