Numerical Simulation of Taylor Cone-Jets and Colloid Thruster Plumes

Details Numerical Simulation of Taylor Cone-Jets and Colloid Thruster Plumes Numerical Simulation of Taylor Cone-Jets and Colloid Thruster Plumes

Oct 2004

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2004esasp.555e.106c&link_type=abstract

Proceedings of the 4th International Spacecraft Propulsion Conference (ESA SP-555). 2-9 June, 2004, Chia Laguna (Cagliari), Sard

Computer Science

Scientific paper

Experiments with colloid thrusters have shown their ability to operate in various modes: pure droplet, pure ions and mixed regimes. Experimental research on this issue has been done using time of flighspectrometry to characterize the specific charge compotion of the extracted species and retarding potentials to measure their energies. In this paper we will address the emission mechanics, including cone-jet formation and charged particle spray dynamics, in the droplet and the mixed ion-droplet regimes from the numerical perspective using a quasi one dimensional electrohydrodynamic model and a three dimensional particle-in-cell code. In the droplet regime, numerical simulations have been performed with a single emitter colloid thruster configuration and its results are compared to previously known scaling laws and empirical predictions for various liquids. Analytical estimates for the electrical fields in the cone and jet regions will be presented together with approximations for the jet radius and liquid velocity. The mixed ion-droplet regime is addressed by incorporating an electrically enhanced ion evaporation model to our current simulation. We present numerical results on the prediction of ion extraction onset and address the effects of charge loss (due to emitted ions) on the jet dynamics and their possible connection to the jet's collapse and the onset of a pure ion emission regime. Results from the cone-jet model are extrapolated to the jet breakup region and used as initial conditions for a particle-in-cell model to track individual droplets and ions. The model is used to estimate particle distributions, charge density profiles, at locations downstream from the cone-jet structure. This provides enough information to estimate divergence angles and axial and radial energy distributions.

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