Nonthermal escape of hydrogen and deuterium from Venus and implications for loss of water

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Deuterium, Hydrogen, Magnetohydrodynamic Flow, Outgassing, Venus Atmosphere, Atmospheric Chemistry, Atmospheric Circulation, Atmospheric Models, Charge Exchange, Pioneer Venus Spacecraft, Plasmasphere, Water, Venus, Escape, Hydrogen, Deuterium, Water, Volatiles, Atmosphere, Abundance, Models, Flux, Saturation, Dayside, Mixing Ratio, Homopause, Enrichment, Hydrodynamics, Flow, Outgassing

Scientific paper

As the dominant nonthermal mechanism for the escape of hydrogen in past Venus atmospheres, the charge exchange of H(+) with H would have provided an escape flux close to the diffusion-limiting value for H-mixing ratios up to 0.002 at the homopause, which also marks the onset of hydrodynamic flow. Charge exchange therefore represents a viable mechanism through which Venus could have lost up to an earth-equivalent ocean of water from its atmosphere over geologic time. Present Venus atmosphere estimates are based on in situ Pioneer Venus mission measurements, and assumptions in the course of extrapolation to past atmospheres have been with respect to the nature of the bulge, circulation pattern, and ion temperature.

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