NGST, GAIA and SIM - space telescopes in the first decade of 21st century.

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Space Telescopes, Space Missions

Scientific paper

The new space telescopes were initially planned some five years ago. There are NGST (Next Generation Space Telescope), SIM (Space Interferometry Mission) and GAIA (Global Astrometric Interferometry for Astrophysics) among them. NGST and SIM are two key programs from NASA's Origins program for exploration of galaxies and clusters formed extremely early in the history of the universe. The NGST will be a large aperture, passively cooled telescope of 4 - 8 m effective aperture to follow HST and SIRTF. SIM will use a Michelson interferometer in a low-Earth orbit to provide 4 μas precision absolute position measurements of stars and the derived high-precision parallaxes and proper motions. GAIA is aimed at a comprehensive survey of the overall geometric structure and kinematics of our Galaxy which lead to broad research into astrophysics. It uses a Fizeau type interferometer with a degree field of view.

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