Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Jan 2000
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2000ahes...54..259r&link_type=abstract
Arch. Hist. Exact Sci., Vol. 54, No. 4, p. 259 - 277
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
History Of Astronomy: Comets, History Of Astronomy: Celestial Mechanics
Scientific paper
Isaac Newton's closest approach to a system of the world in the critical period 1681 - 84 is provided in a set of untitled propositions concerning comets. These notes drastically revise his position maintained against Flamsteed in 1681 and may signal his adoption of a single comet solution for the comet appearances of 1680/81. Points of agreement and difference with the key pre-Principia texts of 1684 - 85 are analysed here. Newton shows substantial control of the phenomena of comet tails, and these concepts change very little in mechanical detail throughout his subsequent work. An emerging theory of gravitation brings planets, their satellites, and comets under the same laws of motion, yet retains a celestial vortex and includes a singular proposition in lieu of the usual formulation of Kepler's area law. The present analysis raises questions on a number of issues of recent Newtonian scholarship, ranging from his achievement following his correspondence with Robert Hooke in 1679 to his veneration of the wisdom of the ancients.
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