Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Scientific paper
2009-04-27
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
15 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Scientific paper
Supercritical accretion flows inevitably produce radiation-pressure driven outflows, which will Compton up-scatter soft photons from the underlying accretion flow, thereby making hard emission. We perform two dimensional radiation hydrodynamic simulations of supercritical accretion flows and outflows, incorporating such Compton scattering effects, and demonstrate that there appears a new hard spectral state at higher photon luminosities than that of the slim-disk state. In this state, as the photon luminosity increases, the photon index decreases and the fraction of the hard emission increases. The Compton $y$-parameter is of the order of unity (and thus the photon index will be $\sim 2$) when the apparent photon luminosity is ${\sim}30L_{\rm E}$ (with $L_{\rm E}$ being the Eddington luminosity) for nearly face-on sources. This explains the observed spectral hardening of the ULX NGC1313 X-2 in its brightening phase and thus supports the model of supercritical accretion onto stellar mass black holes in this ULX.
Heinzeller Dominikus
Kawashima Tomohisa
Matsumoto Ryoji
Mineshige Shin
Ohsuga Ken
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