New Polarimetric Effects Observed for the Galilean Satellites of Jupiter

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Scientific paper

The linear polarization of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter in U, B, V, and R bands at phase angles from 11.8 deg to 0.2 deg was thoroughly studied on the basis of our observations and literature data. In addition to the usual minimum in the negative polarization branch, a strong peak of negative polarization at a phase angle of about 0.6deg -0.7deg was found for Io, Europa, and Ganymede. A halfwidth of the polarization opposition peak (about 0.3deg ) is comparable to the corresponding value of the photometric opposition effect observed for Europa, thus indicating that both of these effects are apparently attributed to the mechanism of coherent backscattering. Io, Europa, and Ganymede exhibit considerable polarization near the inversion point. This means that the second and third Stokes parameters do not vanish simultaneously, and the polarization plane turns 90deg smoothly rather than stepwise. The relationship between the symmetry parameter alpha_inv/alpha_min of the negative polarization branch and the albedo of atmosphereless celestial bodies was found.

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