Near-infrared spectroscopy of low mass stars and brown dwarfs

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Motivated by the potential identification by the near- infrared survey 2MASS of a few 103 candidate L and T-dwarfs in the northern sky, an efficient NIR spectrograph, the Cornell Massachusetts Slit Spectrograph (CorMASS), was built specifically for the confirmation and classification of low-mass object candidates. In its first two years of use on the 60-inch telescope at Palomar Observatory, CorMASS has observed over 150 new field late-M and L-dwarf candidates for inclusion in a magnitude-limited spectroscopic survey to improve the statistics of the luminosity function across the stellar—sub-stellar boundary in the solar neighborhood. While many of the observations remain to be reduced and new observations are continuing, 25 new late- M and L-dwarf have been confirmed. In collaboration with other workers, CorMASS has also been used for the confirmation of the brightest known T-dwarf and three wide-separation L-dwarf companions to nearby stars. CorMASS is a compact, low-resolution (R ˜ 300), double-pass prism cross-dispersed near- infrared (NIR) spectrograph. Its 2-dimensional spectral format provides simultaneous coverage from λ ˜ 0.75μm to λ ˜ 2.5μm (z'JHK bands). A remotely operated cold flip mirror permits its NICMOS 3 detector to function as a Ks slit viewer to assist object placement into the 2″ x 15″ slit.

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