Near-Field Cosmology with Binary

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Origin And Evolution, Dark Matter, Binary And Multiple Stars

Scientific paper

Extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars in the Milky Way halo are the low-mass survivors of the first stars and their descendants that were born and first lit the universe during the ``cosmological dark age''. We use their properties to study the star formation and galaxy evolution process in the early universe. From the analysis of their surface abundances, it has been shown that EMP stars with metallicity [Fe/H]<~-2.5 were born under the initial mass function (IMF) peaked around 10 Msolar and that most of their relic stars currently observed are the secondary members of binary systems. We investigate the star formation and early chemical evolution with the derived IMF in the context of the hierarchical formation process of the Galaxy to demonstrate that the metallicity distribution function (MDF) of these halo stars is well reproduced in terms of the high-mass IMF and the binary origin of low-mass survivors. Our results suggest that the three most iron-poor stars of [Fe/H]<-4.5 known to date are Population III stars that were formed out of the primordial gas and have suffered the surface pollution due to the accretion of metal-rich gas. We also discuss the nature of the first stars and in particular the possible traces of pair-instability supernovae (PISNe).

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