Mathematics – Probability
Scientific paper
Oct 1986
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1986natur.323..515b&link_type=abstract
Nature (ISSN 0028-0836), vol. 323, Oct. 9, 1986, p. 515, 516. Research supported by the Exxon Corp.
Mathematics
Probability
19
Astronomical Photography, Gravitational Lenses, Quasars, Galactic Clusters, Probability Theory, Red Shift
Scientific paper
Three quasar pairs that have been identified as the products of gravitational lenses have no obvious visible lenses. They are: 1146+111, 1635+267 and 2345+007. An even number (two) of quasar images is observed in each case, although an odd number of images is produced by gravitational lenses with non-singular potentials. The absence of a visible lens creates, in the lens hypothesis, a severe 'missing matter' problem. The authors investigate here the possibility that these quasar images are pairs of physically distinct quasars in galaxy associations. They show that, at the same redshifts as the quasars, only galaxy associations of exceptional richness would be identifiable in the existing data. The authors calculate the probability of pairs of quasars appearing in galaxy associations and find that physical pairs could appear with the observed frequency if, as expected, quasars are more common relative to galaxy associations at earlier epochs.
Bahcall John N.
Bahcall Neta A.
Schneider Donald P.
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