Multi-wavelength Observations of Pulsar Wind Nebulae and Composite Supernova Remnants

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Multi-wavelength studies of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) and supernova remnants (SNRs) lead to a better understanding of their evolutionary development, the interaction of supernovae (SNe) and pulsar winds with their surroundings, and nucleosynthesis and production and processing of dust grains in SNe. PWNe and composite supernova remnants, in particular, are unique laboratories for the study of the energetic pulsar winds, particle injection processes, and the impact of PWNe on the evolving SNR. Combining observations at a wide range of wavelengths provides a more complete picture of the SNR development and helps better constrain current models describing a SNR's evolution. While X-ray observations yield important information about the SN progenitor, hot gas properties, SN explosion energy, and the surrounding interstellar medium, the IR can provide crucial information about the faint non-thermal emission, continuum emission from dust, and forbidden line emission from SN ejecta. I will summarize the general observational properties and evolutionary development of PWNe and composite SNRs, and present multi-wavelength observations of systems in various stages of evolution. In particular, I will discuss IR and X-ray observations of G54.1+0.3, a Crab-like PWN interacting with the inner SN ejecta, and G327.1-1.1, a composite SNR whose PWN has interacted with the SNR reverse shock. The study of these interactions can provide important information on the SNR properties that may otherwise be unobservable.

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