Momentum and Angular Momentum Transfer in Oblique Impacts: Implications for Asteroid Rotations

Details Momentum and Angular Momentum Transfer in Oblique Impacts: Implications for Asteroid Rotations Momentum and Angular Momentum Transfer in Oblique Impacts: Implications for Asteroid Rotations

Sep 1996

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1996icar..123..192y&link_type=abstract

Icarus, Volume 123, Issue 1, pp. 192-206.

Computer Science

6

Scientific paper

We conducted a series of high velocity oblique impact experiments (0.66-6.7 km/s) using polycarbonate (plastic) projectiles and targets made of mortar, aluminum alloy, and mild steel. We then calculated the efficiencies of momentum transfer for small cratering impacts. They are eta = (M'V_n')/(mv_n) and zeta = (M'V_t')/(mv_t), where m and v are the mass and velocity of a projectile, and M' and V' represent those of a postimpact target. Subscripts ``n'' and ``t'' denote the components normal and tangential to the target surface at the impact point, respectively. The main findings are: (1) eta increases with increasing impact velocity; (2) eta is larger for mortar than for ductile metallic targets; (3) zeta for mortar targets seems to increase with the impact velocity in the velocity range less than about 2 km/s and decrease with it in the higher velocity range; (4) zeta for the aluminum alloy targets correlates negatively with incident zenith angle of the projectile. In addition to these findings on the momentum transfer, we show theoretically that ``zeta_L'' can be expressed by eta and zeta for small cratering impact. Here, zeta_L is the spin angular momentum that the target acquires at impact divided by the collisional angular momentum due to the projectile. This is an important parameter to study the collisional evolution of asteroid rotation. For a spherical target, zeta_L is shown to be well approximated by zeta.

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