Modes of Star Formation in an Early Universe Laboratory: HST/ACS Imaging of Hickson Compact Group 31

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

We present a BVI HST/ACS image of Hickson Compact Group 31, and an analysis of its star formation history based on point-source and extended source photometry. We also incorporate information from our 3.6-24 micron Spitzer imaging. We examine the old star cluster populations in the galaxies, as well as new clusters that have recently formed in the tidal debris of the interacting group. Several tidal dwarf galaxies have formed in this group, amidst the multiple gravitational encounters within an HI envelope. Star formation has occurred over a large range of times in multiple locations in the group, and is still occurring at present. One of the tidal dwarf galaxies (HCG 31F) showed no evidence for stars older than several million years in HST/WFPC2 images, but in our deeper ACS images we see an older population. This tidal dwarf is likely to survive the present major encounter in the group though its ultimate fate depends on whether an additional giant galaxy will ultimately merge with the group.

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