Missing Baryons around Galaxies and Galaxy Clusters

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

The baryon content is composed of the sum of stars and the gaseous components, which can be measured in potential wells from the richest clusters to the poorest galaxies. For the richest clusters of galaxies, most of the baryons are accounted for in that the baryon fraction approaches the cosmological value, within theoretical expectations. Progressing toward shallower potential wells, the baryon fraction decreases slowly until temperatures of about 1 keV, below which the baryon fraction decreases quickly. This continues through galaxies, where the baryon fraction scales with M0.5 the typical galaxy (M33) is missing 90% of its baryons. The missing baryons do not surround the galaxies as hot halos and we argue that the material never fell into these galaxies, having been pre-heated by Pop III supernovae. Furthermore, we show that the heating and metallicity contributions from a Pop III may be largely independent of galaxies as well.

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