Millimeter-Wave Spectra of Compact Steep-Spectrum Radio Sources

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Galaxies:Active, Interferometry, Quasars, Radio Continuum: Galaxies

Scientific paper

We present spectral studies of continuum at millimeter-wavelengths on 18 Compact Steep-Spectrum sources (CSSs). We have carried out VLBI observations with the Kashima-Nobeyama baseline at 22 and 43 GHz, and integrated flux density measurements with the Nobeyama 45-m radio telescope at 22, 43, and 92 GHz. Our results show that (1) the continuous spectra of most CSSs remain steep and straight from cm-wavelengths to mm-wavelength, (2) compact cores are detected in nine CSSs and their spectra are flat, and (3) there is a good correlation between the visibility at 22 GHz and spectral index at mm-wavelengths. A possible explanation of this correlation is a simple two-component model with a flat-spectrum core and steep-spectrum lobes. The detected compact core components have typically > 10(24) W Hz(-1) of monochromatic luminosity, which is comparable with flat-spectrum sources. The small contribution of the core in total flux density (<= 36%) of CSSs implies that a large fraction of the emission is derived from extended radio lobes, whose size is larger than the VLBI fringe spacings ( ~ 10 pc) but smaller than galactic dimensions ( ~ 10 kpc).

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