MgSO4-H2O system at High pressure and its implication for the internal structure and evolution of Ganymede

Mathematics – Logic

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6008 Composition (1060), 6020 Ices, 6218 Jovian Satellites, 6222 Ganymede, 6223 Callisto

Scientific paper

Cryovolcanism and active geological alterations have been discovered in many icy satellites. Not only the surface activities but also the possibility of the subsurface ocean in Galilean satellites have been discussed by Shoemaker et al. (1982) and Kargel (1991). In the previous studies (Prockter 2001, Fortes 2007) existence of subsurface ocean has been suggested based on the observed data such as surface structures of alteration and gravity observations which includes the momentum of inertia. We can adopt the three- layered model for Ganymede (Mueller et al. 1988) composed of Fe or FeS inner core, Silicate outer core, and volatile-rich icy mantle. We calculated the density profile for the three-layered model based on the mixture of C1 chondrite Orgueil meteorite and H2O. We constructed a new model which has a deeper icy mantle with the density larger than pure ice. The infrared data of the Galileo survey (McCord et al. 1999,2001) found a large amount of sulfates such as MgSO4•6 H2O, MgSO4•7 H2O. Thus we estimated that the volatile-rich icy mantle contains not only pure ice but also a heavy MgSO4 component with several weight percents. We investigated the phase relations of MgSO4- H2O system under high pressure in order to discuss the internal structure of Ganymede. The sample which consisted of 0 to 30 weight percent of MgSO4 was put in diamond anvil cell with external heating device. The experiments performed up to 5GPa and 600K. This condition is a bit higher than the bottom of icy mantle (around 350K and 2GPa) (Prentice 2000, Sohl 2001). Under our experimental conditions, we found various high pressure phases in MgSO4- H2O system such as Ice VI and VII, and sulfates hydrates such as MgSO4•1H2O, MgSO4•6H2O, and MgSO4•7H2O depending on pressure and temperature conditions. Viscosity and density of the eutectic liquid at high pressure were measured using the falling sphere method with diamond anvil cell.We will present our experimental results and discuss the evolution of the internal structure of Ganymede based on the experiments.

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