Mechanisms of conduit plug formation: Implications for vulcanian explosions

Details Mechanisms of conduit plug formation: Implications for vulcanian explosions Mechanisms of conduit plug formation: Implications for vulcanian explosions

Oct 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006georl..3320302d&link_type=abstract

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 33, Issue 20, CiteID L20302

Mathematics

Logic

12

Volcanology: Eruption Mechanisms And Flow Emplacement, Volcanology: Explosive Volcanism, Volcanology: Magma Migration And Fragmentation

Scientific paper

We explore physical mechanisms controlling formation of a confining conduit plug using 1D, steady-state numerical models of magma ascent. Model results for the well-documented 1997 Vulcanian explosions at Soufrière Hills volcano were compared against subsurface conditions constrained by geophysical and petrologic analysis. We suggest that, if magma is permeable and overpressured and rock surrounding the conduit is permeable, degassing occurs both vertically and through conduit walls. This outgassing creates a region of low-vesicularity, dense magma near the surface (magma plug) which eventually seals the conduit and promotes system overpressure. Driving pressure increases with increasing magma flow rate, hindering volatile exsolution and shifting open-system degassing to shallower levels of the conduit. As a result, increasing magma flow rate for a fixed conduit width creates a vertically thinner plug and increases the magnitude and vertical extent of conduit overpressure. Plug thickness and density are also controlled by magma and edifice permeability.

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