Mechanical consequences of granite emplacement during high-T, low-P metamorphism and the origin of ``anticlockwise'' PT paths

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Scientific paper

High-temperature (T), low-pressure (P) metamorphic belts preserve evidence of metamorphism under extremely perturbed, and hence transient, thermal regimes. PT paths are commonly ``anticlockwise'' that is, the maximum T was attained prior to or at the same time as the maximum P with cooling at near constant or increasing P, and, in many terrains, peak metamorphic temperatures prevailed during convergent deformation. Using a simple coupled thermal-mechanical model that assumes a strongly temperature-dependent rheology for the continental lithosphere we show that the coincidence of metamorphism with convergent deformation in high-T, low-P terrains may reflect the thermal weakening attendant with rapid advective movement of heat within the lithosphere via granite magma ascent. The model shows that the magnitude of the thermal weakening effect is sensitive to the critical temperature for granite segregation, Tmring crit, the depth of emplacement of the magmas and, most importantly, the granite forming mechanism. During the prograde cycle material points attain maximum temperatures during a transient ( < 3 Ma) high strain rate pulse with ɛ up to ~ 10-14 s-1. At levels near the site of granite emplacement, the attainment of maximum pressures follows peak temperatures with rapid cooling paths that are close to isobaric or involve slight compression.

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