Measuring the Production Rate of Planetary Nebulae in Spiral Galaxies

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

Planetary nebulae (PNe) are a common end-phase of stellar evolution, but the number of bright planetaries produced from a stellar population is of great interest, and is of yet uncertain. Observations of luminous extragalactic planetary nebulae in elliptical galaxies have shown that the production rate can vary by almost an order of magnitude. However, due to the effects of internal extinction and confusion with H II regions, it has been difficult to measure the production rate in spiral galaxies, until now.
We present results from a narrow-band imaging survey of six face-on spirals (M74, M83, M94, IC 342, NGC 6946, & NGC 5068), with between 20 and 250 PNe detected in each galaxy and with most of these objects spectroscopically confirmed. Combined with broad-band surface photometry, and careful studies of completeness, this allows us to estimate the PN production rate in the disks of these objects and to place limits on the disk opacities due to dust. We present our results and explore how this rate varies with radial distance, metallicity and age.

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