Measurements of the anisotropy of the cosmic background radiation and diffuse galactic emission at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Anisotropy, Diffuse Radiation, Galactic Cosmic Rays, Relic Radiation, Zodiacal Dust, Astronomical Spectroscopy, Balloon-Borne Instruments, Infrared Radiometers, Millimeter Waves

Scientific paper

The authors report the results of a balloon-borne observing program to measure the large angular scale brightness distribution of the 2.7K cosmic background radiation (CBR) at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. It is found that the dipole moment anisotropy of the cosmic background radiation has the spectrum expected of a Doppler-shifted blackbody out to 3 times the frequency of peak intensity. A reliable estimate of the brightness of the dipole moment is obtained by averaging the best modern data under the assumption that the CBR has a Planckian spectrum with TCBR= 2.74K. The result is that ΔTdipole= 3.29±0.11 mK corresponding to a velocity of 360±12 km s-1 towards R.A. = 11h.13±0h.04, δ = -7°.7±0°.55. The present data are not consistent with a reported short-wavelength rise in the brightness of the CBR. Diffuse Galactic emission is seen to have a complicated spectrum and its shape depends on the wavelength of observation. The authors have found an extended source which runs parallel to the Galactic plane at b = 20° from l = 40° to l = 110° with a brightness of 3mK. Observations and upper limits at various frequencies are consistent with this source being a thermal emitter at a temperature of 6K.

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